Effectiveness of auriculotherapy as a nursing intervention to improve wellness in alcohol-addicted young adults

In Mexico, addictions present major challenges for the new millennium, as the country faces one of endemic problems, more widespread and alarming in recent decades: the abuse of alcohol.
Social changes derived from variations in dynamics and composition of population, which doubled in 1981 and is expected to do the same again in2020, the multiple economic crisis and an accelerated social and cultural opening, influenced by modernization and globalization processes, have affected people's life in individual, familiar and social spheres. In all of them alcohol abuse and its consequences are present. This allows us to identify alcoholism as a common phenomenon in modern society [1].Alcohol consumption has been signalled as an acute epidemiological trouble worldwide, as it represents 4% of the total death risk in the world. Regarding morbidity, the main diseases associated to alcohol abuse are the following: psychiatric disorders in 100% of the cases, hepatic cirrhosis in32% of them and troubles related to violence, homicide and accidents in9% of the cases. In a lower percentage, we have neoplastic of the mouth and breast cancer. In virtue of these figures, we can conclude that alcoholism is the most important factor affecting the loss of years of healthy life worldwide.
The intervention with auriculotherapy was effective to stimulate the energy channels with specific auricular points, restoring the energy flow and allowing energy equilibrium. The improvement of the general wellness was expressed by the patients as a rising vitality, a general state of well-being with themselves and with the environment, a capacity to enjoy personal, family and social activities, and a positive emotional state. Rogers' theory mentions that the effectiveness of an intervention or reshuffle on an energy field can be measured by the wellness level attained by the patient, and she suggest that health personnel, particularly nurses, must use alternative therapies as part of a nursing care program, in the aim of better contributing to solve public health problems. The present work presented some information to enhance future research on the effectiveness of non-intrusive alternative care techniques in the context of prevention and treatment of addictions and other pathologies. Genetic, emotional and motivational factors should probably be taken into account as part of the study variables, as well as the development of cognitive and praxeological skills in health personnel to carry out this kind of interventions.
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